Look how the Colombian Peso, and a handful of others— not any Western currency—are leading the world stage.

I learned long ago that the US dollar is not a safe haven.

I learned it by watching the social and economic structure of the Chicago area deteriorate, followed only months later by Detroit’s bankruptcy. A currency can remain widely accepted while the society and productive economy behind it weaken. That is the danger most people miss: they confuse familiarity with safety, liquidity with wealth, and the absence of a visible bank run with the preservation of purchasing power.

The question is not whether the dollar still functions today. It does. The question is what happens to the people who continue storing their future entirely inside a currency whose purchasing power depends on ever-expanding debt, financial coercion, and the continued confidence of the rest of the world.

The dollar’s continued use is not proof of its health. It is proof of the system’s momentum.

Currency Is a Daily Vote on Economic Power

Most people look at exchange rates as numbers relevant to tourists, traders, importers, and multinational corporations. That is too narrow. Currency markets are conducting a continuous international assessment of purchasing power, monetary policy, political stability, debt, industrial capacity, energy dependence, and confidence.

Every exchange rate is a relationship between two monetary systems. If one dollar buys more units of another currency, either the dollar has strengthened, the other currency has weakened, or both have moved in opposite directions. The number does not tell the entire story, but it tells you that something is changing.

These changes often become visible in currency markets before they become visible in political speeches or newspaper headlines. A government can claim that the economy is stable. A central bank can insist that inflation is temporary. A politician can promise prosperity. The currency chart does not care.

The chart records what the market is willing to pay.

That does not make the market infallible. Markets can be distorted by intervention, capital controls, thin liquidity, speculation, and political action. But currency movements remain important signals. They tell us how the world is repricing risk—and which countries are gaining or losing monetary credibility.

The Saver Pays for Monetary Decline

A person can hold the same nominal amount of money for years and become substantially poorer.

The account balance may remain unchanged. The purchasing power does not.

When a currency loses value, imported food, fuel, machinery, medicines, technology, construction materials, and industrial equipment become more expensive. Domestic producers also raise prices because their own costs are rising. Landlords adjust rents upwards as do contractors adjust bids for the same reasons. Employers face pressure to increase wages which damages their profit margins. The entire price structure begins to move.

Wages may rise in nominal terms, but they often rise more slowly than the cost of living. This produces one of the great psychological tricks of monetary decline: people are told they are earning more while being able to afford less.

The result feels personal. A family believes it failed to budget properly. A worker believes he failed to advance. A retiree believes she simply needs to cut back. But when the unit in which all prices are measured is being diluted, individual discipline cannot fully compensate.

This is how standards of living are decimated without a single dramatic announcement. The process is gradual enough to normalise and persistent enough to become destructive.

Liquidity Is Not Protection

The US dollar remains liquid, widely accepted, and central to international commerce. Those are useful characteristics. They are not guarantees of permanent value.

Liquidity means that an asset can generally be exchanged. It does not mean the asset will preserve purchasing power. A liquid asset can lose value quickly. A market can remain open while the people using it become poorer.

The dollar’s global role has allowed the United States to postpone consequences that would arrive much sooner for a smaller country. The United States can borrow in its own currency. 40% of global trade is priced in US dollars. Foreign institutions hold dollar reserves. International banks depend on dollar clearing and settlement. These network effects create enormous demand.

Only 40% of global trade is priced in US dollars

But demand is not the same as trust, and dependence is not the same as admiration.

The rest of the world can continue using dollars while reducing its exposure to the dollar. It can seek alternative trade arrangements, accumulate gold, expand regional payment systems, diversify reserves, build domestic manufacturing, or conduct more commerce in local currencies.

A currency can remain dominant while steadily losing purchasing power.

Monetary Decline and Social Decay

Currency decline does not cause every social problem. It would be foolish to claim that one variable explains the collapse of an entire city or region. But monetary decline often reinforces industrial decline, political dysfunction, deteriorating infrastructure, debt dependence, and falling living standards.

When productive capacity weakens, a society begins searching for substitutes. It borrows more. It imports more. It inflates asset prices. It turns increasingly toward financial engineering. It creates the appearance of prosperity through credit rather than through the production of useful goods and services.

This can continue for years. The roads may still exist. The banks may still open. The currency may still be accepted at the grocery store. Yet the underlying structure is deteriorating.

That is what makes monetary decline so dangerous. It does not require an obvious collapse. It can operate through deferred maintenance, reduced opportunity, unaffordable housing, declining real wages, deteriorating public services, and the gradual destruction of savings.

The Currency Study

I wrote a script recently to extract and compare historical exchange rates from the Frankfurter API, a web service providing historical currency figures. It compares current rates with rates from 90 days, one year, and 10 years earlier.

I used it to examine 50 global currencies against the US dollar. The analysis was the inspiration for this post.

The table below shows how many units of each foreign currency can be purchased with one US dollar. That means the percentages must be read correctly:

• A negative percentage means the foreign currency weakened against the dollar.
• A postive percentage means the foreign currency strengthened against the dollar.

This distinction matters. The Argentine peso’s ten-year figure of -10,022.8% means the dollar buys dramatically more pesos than it did ten years earlier. The peso has suffered a severe loss of value relative to the dollar.

The same logic applies across the table.

The One-Year Winners Against the Dollar

The most significant one-year movements in my study were these:

Currency	1-year change against USD	Interpretation
Colombian peso	21.5%	Strengthened against USD
Paraguayan guaraní	18.8%	Strengthened against USD
Nigerian naira	12.6%	Strengthened against USD
Israeli new shekel	11.0%	Strengthened against USD
South African rand	9.7%	Strengthened against USD
Mexican peso	9.1%	Strengthened against USD
Australian dollar	9.1%	Strengthened against USD

Note that there are no traditional western currencies in this list, such as the British Pound, Japanese Yen, Swiss Franc or the Euro.

These figures do not establish that any of these currencies are universally safe. They do not erase domestic inflation, political risk, capital controls, fiscal weakness, or other problems. What they do show is that exposing your liquid assets to such currencies can yield better returns. It’s not passive income – you have to monitor it closely. But it’s close.

That fact alone is enough to destroy the lazy assumption that the dollar must always strengthen whenever the world becomes uncertain.

Colombia: The Strongest Recent Performer

The Colombian peso was the strongest one-year performer, globally moving higher than all other currencies.

Specifically, it moved from approximately 4,029.400 COP per USD one year ago to 3,162.980 today, producing a change of 21.5%. Over the most recent 90-day period, it improved by 11.5%.

In other words, the peso outperformed every other global currency, especially the US dollar over the last 3 and 12 month periods.

The Columbian Peso has been the world’s best performing currency in the last 12 months

This matters because the standard financial narrative treats the dollar as the automatic refuge whenever uncertainty rises. Yet this observation shows a Latin American currency gaining substantial ground against it.

That does not make the Colombian peso a permanent winner. But it’s something to take advantage of in the short term and to watch in the long. Currency leadership changes. A favourable period can be reversed by policy changes, capital outflows, political instability, commodity shocks, or changing interest-rate expectations.

But the data is still telling us something. The dollar is not operating in a vacuum. Other countries can improve their relative position while the United States weakens its own monetary foundation.

Paraguay: A Recent Winner With a Longer Memory

The Paraguayan guaraní moved from approximately 7,315 PYG per USD one year ago to 5,942 today, a reported one-year improvement of 18.8%.

Its ten-year result, however, was -7.1% against the dollar. That means the recent annual improvement exists within a more complicated longer-term history.

This is why one time horizon is never enough.

A currency can perform strongly over twelve months while having lost ground over a decade. Another can appear weak in the short term while maintaining a stronger long-term structure. Cash decisions require more than identifying the most attractive number on a current ranking.

The question is not simply, “What rose this year?”

The question is, “What productive, political, and monetary structure supports that result—and can it continue?”

That’s what I focus on.

Nigeria: Recovery Does Not Erase Damage

The Nigerian naira moved from 1,533.670 per USD one year ago to 1,340.650 today, a reported improvement of 12.6%. Over 90 days, it improved by 1.9%.

But over ten years, the result was -328.5%. The dollar buys several times more naira than it did a decade ago.

This contrast is essential. A currency can recover sharply from a recent low and still represent a terrible long-term store of value. A short-term recovery does not refund the purchasing power that was already destroyed.

The naira illustrates the difference between momentum and monetary preservation. Someone watching only the latest annual result might see a currency gaining against the dollar. Someone examining the full decade sees a monetary system that has suffered severe deterioration.

Both observations are true. To benefit, one must be on the ground and observe what and why the new trend is opening.

Israel: Strong Long-Term Performance, Recent Retraction

The Israeli shekel moved from 3.338 ILS per USD one year ago to 2.972 today, producing a reported one-year improvement of 11.0%.

Over ten years, it improved by 21.2%, the strongest ten-year result in the table. Yet over the most recent 90 days, it weakened by -5.1%.

The shekel is therefore a useful example of why no currency should be treated as a permanent champion. It has demonstrated strong medium- and long-term performance in this comparison, but recent momentum has turned against it.

Currency leadership rotates. Capital moves. Central banks change policy. Wars, elections, trade balances, energy costs, and interest-rate differentials alter the battlefield.

The investor who treats a recent winner as an eternal winner is not investing. He is worshipping a chart.

The Recent Shift Toward Asia

The clearest sign of a recent shift toward Asia is the South Korean won.

The won moved from 1,514.210 KRW per USD 90 days ago to 1,376.780 today, an improvement of 9.1%. Its one-year result was nearly flat at 0.9%, while its ten-year result was -23.0%.

This is not evidence of permanent Asian monetary leadership. It is evidence of a meaningful recent movement that deserves attention.

Remember where the centre of silicon chip and technology is. In Asia. It’s not in Europe or the USA.

The won’s improvement is especially interesting because it follows a period of long-term weakness. It is not rising from a position of uninterrupted strength. It is recovering within a broader history of depreciation.

That distinction matters. Markets often turn before the public narrative changes. The current story may still describe weakness while capital is already repositioning.

Asia Is Not One Trade

The Asian currencies in the table do not move as one bloc.

The Japanese yen was unchanged over 90 days at 0.0%, but weakened -8.5% over one year. The Indian rupee weakened -8.5% over one year. The Indonesian rupiah improved +0.8% over 90 days. The Chinese yuan improved +5.8% over one year, while the Singapore dollar improved +1.0%.

There is no single “Asia” trade.

Each country has its own debt structure, industrial base, energy requirements, demographics, capital controls, trade relationships, and central-bank policy. Some countries are manufacturing powers. Some depend heavily on imported energy. Some maintain large external surpluses. Others depend on foreign capital.

But watch the won closely.

The lesson is not to buy everything labeled Asian. The lesson is to stop thinking in simplistic geographic categories. Monetary strength emerges from specific economic structures, not from a continent’s name.

Iran, Argentina, and Turkey: The Warning Cases

The extreme cases in the table show what happens when currency weakness becomes structural.

The Iranian rial weakened -3,161.3% against the dollar over one year and -4,402.0% over ten years. The Turkish lira weakened -17.2% over one year and -1,528.5% over ten years. The Argentine peso weakened -13.1% over one year and -10,022.8% over ten years.

People do not experience these figures as abstract percentages.

They experience them through disappearing savings, rising food prices, unaffordable imports, capital restrictions, shortages, declining wages, and the need to spend money immediately before it loses further value.

A national currency can remain legal tender while becoming a terrible place to store labor. The state can continue printing it. Employers can continue paying it. Banks can continue displaying it on account statements. None of that restores what the currency has lost.

Three Time Horizons, Three Different Questions

The 90-day, one-year, and ten-year results answer different questions.

The 90-day figure shows recent momentum. The one-year figure shows the most relevant medium-term shift. The ten-year figure reveals structural monetary history.

A currency can strengthen sharply for three months after years of decline. Another can appear stable for a year while continuing to lose value over a decade.

For anyone holding liquid assets, the correct question is not simply, “Which currency is rising today?”

It is:

What economic structure supports this currency, and is that structure improving or deteriorating?

The chart is the beginning of the analysis, not the end.

Cash Diversification Is Protection, Not a Religion

The data suggests that liquid assets should not automatically be held in one currency.

Diversification may involve currencies connected to different economic systems, jurisdictions, banking networks, and productive bases. It may provide flexibility when one banking system becomes restricted or one currency begins losing value rapidly.

But currency diversification is not the same as owning wealth.

A foreign currency can depreciate. It can become difficult to convert. It can be trapped by capital controls. It can lose value through domestic inflation. A foreign bank can impose restrictions. A government can change the rules.

Currency holdings are useful for liquidity, optionality, and access to different markets. They should not be confused with productive assets.

If all you have done is exchange one paper promise for another, you have diversified your promises—not necessarily your wealth.

Never Hand the Drowning Man Your Hand

Never hand a drowning man your hand if he can pull you into the water.

Give him a rope with one end tied to a tree—and do not tie the other end to yourself.

The metaphor applies to governments, currencies, banks, and investment systems. If an institution is overleveraged and dependent on ever-increasing debt, attaching your financial future to it may turn its emergency into your emergency.

The rope is productive capacity.

It is the business that generates cash flow. The manufacturing facility that produces useful goods. The energy system that powers activity. The land people need. The infrastructure people depend on. The logistics network that moves necessities. The relationships that remain valuable when the financial system changes.

The rope is connected to something real.

The hand is connected to you.

Cash Versus Cash Flow

Cash is only valuable because it provides instant flexibility. It allows you to respond to opportunities, survive interruptions, and meet obligations during periods of uncertainty. But it’s not a store of long term wealth.

Cash flow is much more valuable because it replenishes itself through economic activity and does so using the economic parameters of the day. Cash flow is true “currency”.

A business that produces food, energy, transportation, machinery, housing, communications, or other necessities is better positioned to endure inflation than a fixed balance that never grows, only eroded in time. A productive asset can adjust prices, generate income, and respond to changing demand.

The goal is not to eliminate cash. That would be reckless. The goal is to avoid making cash the entire wealth strategy.

A resilient structure may hold enough liquid currency to survive disruptions while also owning assets capable of generating income. The distinction is simple:

• Cash gives you time.
• Cash flow gives you staying power.
• Productive assets give you a claim on future economic activity.

The person who holds only currency is betting on the monetary system. The person who owns productive capacity is participating in the economy beneath it.

The Global Financial Casino

Global markets often resemble a casino in which ordinary participants arrive after the rules have already been written.

Large institutions have privileged information, cheaper capital, derivatives, political access, sophisticated trading systems, and the ability to borrow or deploy enormous sums. They can survive volatility that destroys households. They can hedge risks unavailable to ordinary workers. They can profit from both rising and falling prices.

The response is not to imitate every short-term trade. Most people do not have the information, capital, or execution speed required to compete in that arena.

The response is to own the house-like characteristics:

• Reliable cash flow.
• Productive assets.
• Strong balance sheets.
• Durable relationships.
• Pricing power.
• Multiple sources of income.
• The ability to wait.

The house does not need every bet to succeed. It wins because the structure favors it over time.

That is the mindset worth adopting. Stop asking how to place better bets inside someone else’s casino. Start asking how to own something that remains useful regardless of which direction the gamblers run.

From Currency Pressure to Financial Warfare

The dollar is not merely a medium of exchange. It is part of a global financial system involving correspondent banking, reserve holdings, debt markets, payment networks, commodity pricing, sanctions, and access to capital.

When countries depend on dollar funding or dollar settlement, pressure on their currency can quickly become pressure on their domestic economy.

Imported goods become more expensive. Foreign debt becomes harder to service. Companies struggle to obtain machinery and technology. Governments must choose between austerity, monetary expansion, capital controls, or political crisis.

This is where finance becomes a weapon.

A country does not need to be invaded to be economically disabled. It can be cut off from payment systems, denied access to reserves, restricted from purchasing technology, blocked from borrowing, or pressured through the institutions that connect it to global commerce.

Financial restrictions can function like economic missiles. They may not produce an explosion, but they can destroy a country’s ability to import, manufacture, invest, and pay.

Shorting a Currency as a Financial Weapon

A large short position can place intense pressure on a smaller or less liquid currency, particularly when that currency is already vulnerable because of weak reserves, external debt, political uncertainty, inflation, or declining confidence.

The short position is not literally a missile. But it can produce a similar economic effect: a rapid repricing that passes through to the entire population.

The mechanism is straightforward. Powerful participants borrow or otherwise position themselves against a currency. If the currency falls, those positions profit. Other market participants see the decline and begin to exit. Importers rush to secure foreign currency. Debt-service costs rise. The central bank may spend reserves defending the currency or raise interest rates to discourage capital flight.

The pressure compounds.

This does not mean every currency decline proves that a particular institution secretly coordinated an attack. But the structure of global finance plainly allows powerful participants to impose rapid pressure on national currencies without physically entering the country.

This is clearly in play with Iran, Turkey, Argentina and was attempted against Russia and China, but their ropes are tied to immobile objects: their massive resource reserves and their massive manufacturing bases, respectively

Venuezuala? Well we’ll just walk in and kidnap your president. We’ll leave the currency alone since we have what we want – your oil. Trump, paraphrased.

A financial salvo can be launched from another jurisdiction.

The population in the target country still pays for it through higher prices, lower real wages, reduced investment, and diminished purchasing power.

Turkey and the Repeated Shock

The Turkish lira demonstrates how currency deterioration can occur through repeated waves of shorting rather than one single collapse.

Over ten years, the lira weakened -1,528.5% against the dollar. Over one year, it weakened -17.2%, and over 90 days, -4.9%.

The lesson is not merely that the lira lost value. It is that the loss did not need to happen in one spectacular event. A sequence of smaller shocks become established to steadily destroy confidence once the big shorts have been executed:

• Policy reversals.
• Inflation.
• Capital movement.
• External debt pressure.
• Political uncertainty.
• Central-bank intervention.
• Repeated repricing.

A country’s currency can survive one shock. It becomes much harder to survive a decade of them.

By the time the public recognises a currency crisis, the crisis may already be embedded in every contract, paycheck, import bill, and savings account.

The best defence? Internalise. Raise tariffs, block imports and drive up domestic production. It worked in China, Russia, Iran, and Turkey is learning fast too.

Sanctions and Monetary Dependence

Financial covert warfare also includes sanctions, restrictions on dollar access, blocked reserves, limits on international payments, export controls, and pressure on banks that serve a targeted country.

These measures may be directed at governments, but ordinary people experience the consequences.

A country may possess natural resources, a large population, skilled workers, and valuable industrial potential. Yet if it cannot import machinery, settle trade, finance production, insure cargo, or access international banking, those advantages become difficult to convert into prosperity. Hence driving alternative systems we have seen rapidly developing over the last 20 years.

Foreign monetary dependence is therefore a strategic weakness.

The country that controls its own food, energy, manufacturing, payment systems, and productive infrastructure has options. The country that must borrow the dominant foreign currency to purchase necessities has exposure.

This is why currency analysis cannot be separated from industrial analysis. A strong currency without productive capacity is fragile. A temporarily weak currency backed by expanding productive capacity may have more future than the market currently recognises.

Physical War and Financial War: The Connection

Physical military power protects shipping lanes, bases, alliances, commodity routes, and strategic access. Financial power determines who can borrow, trade, insure cargo, settle payments, acquire technology, and access international markets.

These systems are not separate.

Military power reinforces the financial order. Financial power weakens or constrains potential rivals without requiring direct military occupation. A country can be pressured through its currency, its reserves, its banks, its trade routes, or its access to critical technology.

Physical war creates obvious market signals. Threats to shipping routes, energy infrastructure, strategic waterways, or regional stability can cause prices to rise and fall rapidly. Those movements create opportunities for insider participants positioned in commodities, options, insurance, logistics, and defence-related markets.

The trend of humanity is that military events are staged solely for financial profit. Powerful actors create the wars so they can benefit from volatility. USA is the modern version of that.

The market does not require moral clarity before repricing an asset.

A closure is announced, prices rise, and certain positions win. A route reopens, prices fall, and other positions win. The machinery of speculation operates regardless of the human consequences.

The United States’ Debt-Based Privilege

The United States carries enormous debt obligations, but the dollar’s international role allows the country to finance itself more easily than most nations.

That privilege can postpone consequences. It cannot repeal arithmetic.

Their debt now grows faster than productive capacity, and the system now relies on a combination of inflation, financial repression, higher taxation, restructuring, and, most of all continued monetary expansion – simple money printing.

The costs are distributed unevenly. Those closest to new money and asset markets benefit first, clearly profiting measured in billions for little other effort than being first in line. Those living on wages, pensions, and fixed savings are last, and are actually the ones paying the bill.

This is how a country appears richer on paper while its people become poorer in daily life.

The statistics show rising nominal income. But the household experiences higher rent, food, insurance, fuel, education, and medical costs. The account balance may be larger. The available life is smaller. Slavery becomes normalcy.

The US dollar does not need to collapse overnight to fail as a store of purchasing power. It only needs to lose value faster than the people holding it can replace that value.

How the United States Projects Power Today

The central argument is not that the dollar is irrelevant or doomed tomorrow morning. The dollar remains supported by the size of the US economy, the depth of its financial markets, established network effects, military power, alliances, commodity settlement, and the institutional infrastructure built around it.

But its strength is connected to a larger system of power.

The United States maintains global influence through both physical and financial mechanisms.

Physical power includes military bases, carrier groups, alliances, weapons systems, intelligence capabilities, control of strategic routes, and the ability to project force across oceans. It protects access, signals resolve, and shapes the environment in which trade and energy move.

The recent USA/Israeli defeat to Iran clearly shows the hegemony is over. Only shrinkage occurs from now on. Only their combined financial power remains, though it follows too.

That power sustains the dollar’s position—but it also reveals the dependency beneath it.

A currency supported by productive strength is one thing. A currency increasingly supported by debt, coercion, military reach, and the fear of exclusion is something else.

What Private People Can Do

The appropriate response is not panic. It is not blind speculation. It is not an attempt to predict the exact date of the next currency crisis.

The appropriate response is resilience.

Maintain useful liquidity. Avoid excessive dependence on one currency or one banking system. Understand the currencies in which your obligations and savings are held. Develop multiple income sources. Own productive assets. Reduce fragile debt. Build relationships and capabilities that remain valuable when financial conditions change.

The central question is:

What will still be useful and generate value if the currency changes?

That question leads away from passive faith in paper balances and toward ownership of assets tied to real economic activity.

Currency diversification may help preserve optionality. But no currency is a substitute for production. You cannot diversify your way out of economic ignorance by accumulating more symbols.

The Currency World Is in Motion

The data shows a world in motion.

Against the dollar during the measured period, the Colombian peso improved 21.5%, the Paraguayan guaraní 18.8%, the Nigerian naira 12.6%, and the Israeli shekel 11.0% over one year. The Korean won improved 9.1% over the most recent 90 days despite being nearly unchanged over the full year.

At the other extreme, the Iranian rial, Turkish lira, and Argentine peso demonstrate what happens when currency weakness becomes structural and clear defendants in the finanical war waged by USA. The dollar buys thousands of percent more local currency over time.

These movements do not identify a permanent winning currency. They show that the dollar is not the only currency capable of changing rapidly and that holding cash is always a decision about which monetary system to trust- but only in the short to medium term – 30 to 90 days at a time. Not years.

Currency diversification can provide liquidity and flexibility. It cannot, by itself, create wealth.

Real resilience requires ownership of assets that produce something people need.

The United States maintains its global position through a combination of economic scale, dollar dependence, financial pressure, military force, strategic alliances, and control over key systems of international commerce.

Physical war and financial war reinforce each other. When a currency is attacked, ordinary people experience the consequences through prices, wages, savings, imports, and employment. When military conflict or strategic threats appear, markets reprice assets and create winners and losers.

The dollar may continue to function for a long time, but it is continuing in ever diminishing circles. Remember it’s only 40% of global trade today and declining on an exponential curve. That means when it goes, it goes fast. I wrote about how difficult it is for humans to understand exponential functions -we are linear lot.

The Rope, Not the Hand

The lesson is not to place blind faith in the dollar, another national currency, gold, Bitcoin, or any single asset.

The lesson is to stop confusing a financial symbol with wealth.

Wealth is productive capacity:

• Businesses that generate cash flow.
• Manufacturing that creates useful goods.
• Energy systems that power activity.
• Land that remains valuable.
• Infrastructure that people depend upon.
• Logistics that keep necessities moving.
• Skills and relationships that survive monetary change.

Do not tie your financial future to a drowning institution.

Keep enough liquidity to move when conditions change. But tie your long-term position to something stronger than a promise written on declining paper.

Never hand the drowning man your hand.

Give him the rope.

Tie one end to the tree and not to you.

To continue exploring wealth, currency, infrastructure, and the physical foundations of economic power, visit my Staying Connected page.

Snapshot of the Full Currency Analysis

Currency Values Relative to the U.S. Dollar

Base currency: USD · Date: August 31, 2026
Positive percentages indicate that a currency increased in value against the dollar; negative percentages indicate a decline.

Currency	Code	Today	90 Days Ago	1 Year Ago	10 Years Ago	90-Day Change	1-Year Change	10-Year Change
Colombian peso	COP	3,162.980	3,575.660	4,029.400	2,961.370	+11.5%	+21.5%	-6.8%
Paraguayan guaraní	PYG	5,942.000	6,105.000	7,315.000	5,547.000	+2.7%	+18.8%	-7.1%
Nigerian naira	NGN	1,340.650	1,366.010	1,533.670	312.860	+1.9%	+12.6%	-328.5%
Israeli new shekel	ILS	2.972	2.829	3.338	3.774	-5.1%	+11.0%	+21.2%
South African rand	ZAR	15.989	16.220	17.700	14.587	+1.4%	+9.7%	-9.6%
Mexican peso	MXN	16.976	17.308	18.677	18.775	+1.9%	+9.1%	+9.6%
Australian dollar	AUD	1.393	1.395	1.532	1.326	+0.2%	+9.1%	-5.0%
Hungarian forint	HUF	312.950	304.540	340.240	277.480	-2.8%	+8.0%	-12.8%
Norwegian krone	NOK	9.336	9.269	10.070	8.343	-0.7%	+7.3%	-11.9%
Chinese yuan	CNY	6.718	6.762	7.131	6.680	+0.6%	+5.8%	-0.6%
Peruvian sol	PEN	3.351	3.411	3.539	3.395	+1.8%	+5.3%	+1.3%
Brazilian real	BRL	5.167	5.022	5.423	3.251	-2.9%	+4.7%	-58.9%
Malaysian ringgit	MYR	4.027	3.965	4.221	4.082	-1.6%	+4.6%	+1.3%
Armenian dram	AMD	364.4	368.2	382.3	475.7	1.0	4.7	23.4
Chilean peso	CLP	926.170	892.470	967.530	677.510	-3.8%	+4.3%	-36.7%
Seychellois rupee	SCR	14.392	13.771	14.727	13.172	-4.5%	+2.3%	-9.3%
Georgian lari	GEL	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.3	1.9	3.0	13.4
Pakistani rupee	PKR	278.310	279.610	284.000	104.950	+0.5%	+2.0%	-165.2%
Czech koruna	CZK	20.737	20.841	20.995	24.179	+0.5%	+1.2%	+14.2%
New Zealand dollar	NZD	1.682	1.684	1.699	1.373	+0.1%	+1.0%	-22.5%
Singapore dollar	SGD	1.272	1.278	1.284	1.361	+0.5%	+1.0%	+6.6%
Vietnamese dong	VND	26,044.000	26,210.000	26,265.000	22,317.000	+0.6%	+0.8%	-16.7%
Pound sterling	GBP	0.737	0.743	0.742	0.754	+0.8%	+0.7%	+2.3%
Swiss franc	CHF	0.805	0.785	0.802	0.981	-2.5%	+0.4%	+17.9%
Danish krone	DKK	6.421	6.418	6.398	6.665	-0.1%	+0.4%	+3.7%
Euro	EUR	0.859	0.858	0.857	0.895	-0.1%	+0.3%	+4.0%
Serbian dinar	RSD	100.780	100.830	100.430	110.210	+0.0%	+0.3%	+8.6%
Hong Kong dollar	HKD	7.847	7.845	7.801	7.771	+0.0%	-0.6%	-1.0%
Uruguayan peso	UYU	40.281	40.263	40.013	28.679	+0.0%	-0.7%	-40.5%
Canadian dollar	CAD	1.387	1.383	1.375	1.309	-0.3%	-0.8%	-5.9%
Bangladeshi taka	BDT	123.110	122.770	121.590	78.422	-0.3%	-1.3%	-57.0%
Polish złoty	PLN	3.722	3.635	3.658	3.911	-2.4%	-1.7%	+4.8%
Thai baht	THB	32.939	32.574	32.355	34.615	-1.1%	-1.8%	+4.8%
New Taiwan dollar	TWD	31.639	31.445	30.563	31.675	-0.6%	-3.5%	+0.1%
Egyptian pound	EGP	50.269	51.965	48.554	8.876	+3.3%	-3.5%	-466.4%
Romanian leu	RON	4.517	4.511	4.348	3.992	-0.1%	-3.9%	-13.1%
Russian ruble	RUB	85.640	72.149	80.600	65.611	-18.7%	-6.3%	-30.5%
Indonesian rupiah	IDR	17,696.000	17,844.000	16,428.000	13,219.000	+0.8%	-7.7%	-33.9%
Japanese yen	JPY	159.670	159.740	147.140	103.610	+0.0%	-8.5%	-54.1%
Indian rupee	INR	95.460	95.150	87.970	66.926	-0.3%	-8.5%	-42.6%
Sri Lankan rupee	LKR	328.240	330.710	301.780	145.530	+0.7%	-8.8%	-125.5%
Philippine peso	PHP	62.103	61.667	57.053	46.639	-0.7%	-8.9%	-33.2%
Argentine peso	ARS	1,514.330	1,423.960	1,339.450	14.960	-6.3%	-13.1%	-10,022.8%
Turkish lira	TRY	48.186	45.920	41.102	2.959	-4.9%	-17.2%	-1,528.5%
Iranian rial	IRR	1,370,624.000	1,352,671.000	42,027.000	30,445.000	-1.3%	-3,161.3%	-4,402.0%
UAE dirham	AED	3.672	3.672	3.672	3.672	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Saudi riyal	SAR	3.750	3.750	3.750	3.750	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
U.S. dollar	USD	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

About the Author

Jeremiah Josey is Chairman of MECi Group, specialising in transformative energy infrastructure and advanced nuclear solutions. With a focus on thorium-based technologies, he delivers large-scale, high-value projects across the Middle East, Asia, and Australia—structuring, financing, and executing complex, multi-billion-dollar ventures that redefine the energy landscape.